Corporations as People? No. Money Is Speech? I Don't Think So!

I cannot understand some of the recent Supreme Court decisions.  Some of the justices seem to have read another constitution than the one I have studied and treasured throughout my academic life.  The interpretations about the political process beginning with the Citizens decision seem to negate my ideas about equal rights.  How can a corporation be a person?  When people are ill, they seek medical help; they don’t get government bailouts.  When people miss mortgage payments, they lose their houses.  When big banks lost money on mortgage gambling, tax payers came to their rescue.  They are too big to fail.  People are too small to be saved?

According to the first definition of person in Miriam Webster, a person is a human being.  A corporation is not a living human being and therefore, cannot be a person.  A corporation cannot vote, even after it has given all the money it wants to skew the political process.  Nonetheless, even though it cannot literally vote, it can buy votes.

How can money be speech?  First of all, money is not free, and not everyone has the same amount.  Does that mean that a full-time minimum wage earner making a little over $15,000 a year can talk as loudly, metaphorically speaking, as Bank of America’s CEO whose yearly compensation is $24.8 million?  When these figures are seen, even saying that money is speech is absurd.  Mitch McConnell is the Senator of Kentucky, and every time I’ve heard him equate money and speech, I am astounded as he should know the reality of poverty’s hardships well.  Kentucky is in the top five states in terms of poverty.  How can a representative of my home state say, “Money is speech,” as he is wont to do, when he should know what the out-of-work coal miner makes? 

And finally, how could SCOTUS so weaken the Voting Rights Act of 1968 by declaring that it is no longer as needed?  At this point, over 20 Red States have enacted new voting laws that make it difficult for inner-city residents to vote, even if they have voted numerous times in the past.  They have no need of a driver’s license, which is required for voting in many states, even though they may have numerous, verifiable photo ID’s. Some of the elderly either have never had a birth certificate either because they were born at home or have long ago misplaced the one that they had.  Not in the least surprising is that most of those for whom voting has been made more difficult lean toward the Democrats.  It is absolutely loathsome when Republican governors like Florida’s Gov. Scott shorten voting days and polling areas in Democratic-leaning neighborhoods, especially after evidence of long waiting lines and vote times in the last elections.  Florida’s ballot is often pages long, stuffed with amendments from the sublime to the ridiculous, and it takes the conscientious voter more than a moment to cast a vote. Additionally, his and other GOP governors’ moves to cut Sunday voting directly impacts the African-American community who have long made voting the Sunday before election day—Souls to the Polls--a tradition of long standing.  And Sunday voting also aids those who work six days a week and don’t get leisurely lunch breaks to do with as they please.  To deliberately make it difficult for certain voters and not others is discriminatory without a doubt.

When I watched John Lewis and others beaten and gassed as they peacefully walked across the Pettus Bridge in 1968, I wept.  And then, when they and many, many others completed that march all the way to Selma, I was so very hopeful that equal rights was going to become a reality.   And then followed the passage of the Voting Rights Act thereafter; it made me believe that the US had finally become what it could be, what it was meant to be.  I now feel very naïve because I really believed that was that; all could vote.  It never occurred to me that this could be undone!

What can you and I do about it?  Register to vote, no matter how inconvenient they make it for you.  Start early and find people to help you if you run into obstacles.  Lobby your elected officials to extend voting times and dates.  Shame them on social media if you must, but do make your views known.  Money is loud but so is persistence, especially if you organize others to make noise with you.  Do vote in all local and state elections.  The Democratic base turns out in presidential elections but is less faithful in off-year and local elections.  When we don’t vote, we cede our voice to others who don’t have our concerns for the environment, health care, the social safety net, women’s choice, etc.  Our failure to vote in 2010 state elections allowed Republicans to take more gubernatorial races than ever before in history.  That not only resulted in giving them power to gerrymander to their party’s advantage as well as to redo voting rights’ laws.

And so here is the take-away: SCOTUS rulings have made the rich and powerful more rich and powerful.  SCOTUS has made it more difficult for some to vote.   We, the people not rich and powerful in money but in voice, need to vote and vote and vote and to make our voices heard whenever and wherever.  Tweet, Facebook, e-mail, blog, write op-ed pieces.  Old school or new, do what it takes to reclaim your place in the political spectrum.

It’s the Right to Vote. It's Not an Entitlement

       Is the Voting Rights Act in danger of being overturned or weakened? The very thought of this moves me to tears.  For my entire adult life, I have taught young people about our country’s struggle to deal with the issue of race, partly because I was so oblivious to and ignorant of anything about it until the violence engendered by the Civil Rights Movement came into my living room via John Cameron Swayze, Peter Jennings, and Walter Cronkite.


      The right for African-Americans to vote was paid for in blood. Philadelphia, Mississippi, 1964: Klansmen murdered James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner.  One of the murderers was the deputy sheriff.  Why were they killed?  Because they were registering Blacks to vote. 

       On Bloody Sunday, March 7, 1965, I and many others in America watched in horror as the televised airing of The Nuremberg Trials was interrupted to show the horror of unarmed men and women being gassed and beaten as they crossed the Pettus Bridge in Selma. Alabama, peacefully marching to ask for the right to vote.  Current Congressman, John Lewis of Georgia, led that march and was severely beaten for the effort.

       The attitude of some on the Supreme Court is that these two events among so many others are “oh so yesterday.”  And then there’s Justice Scalia.  He actually stated that the Voting Rights Act is a “perpetuation of racial entitlement.”

       Mr. Justice Scalia: Voting is a right and the responsibility of a citizen.  Your seeing it as an entitlement is utterly appalling!

       Chief Justice Roberts made comments leading me to wonder if he was asleep while some Red State legislatures did everything they could to disenfranchise the minority and youth vote, constituencies that turned out for Obama in 2008.

       The Supreme Court sits in D. C. where some waited in line for up to four hours to vote.  In Miami, FL, the average wait time was 90 minutes.  That was the average.  Many in minority districts waited well over 4 hours to vote.

       Before 2012, most of us voted with any ID or none if the poll worker knew the voter.  But in 2012, voting for some became much more difficult. Nineteen states tried to make it very hard for minorities and the young to vote; certain restrictions for registration or  for re-registration made it more than difficult or even impossible for some to overcome. Because of the Voting Rights Act, these new laws were blocked in some—but not all—states.  And it’s not over.  As the Court deliberates, other states are considering new ways to disenfranchise some voters.

       Just last month, the NC legislature passed a bill aimed at curtailing the college student vote.  In 1997, the Supreme Court ruled that college students have the right to register and vote where they go to school. To get around this, NC is proposing to remove the tax exemptions for dependents who register to vote at any address other than their parent’s homes.  Why?  In 2008, college students in NC voted overwhelmingly for Obama, and Obama won the state.  And while he didn't win the state in 2012, he did take over %48 of the vote and a huge percentage of the youth vote.  So, the GOP legislature in NC wants to nip that in the bud if at all possible.  Taxing to prevent votes for Democrats is a tax the NC GOP can support.

       A democratic republic like the US is dependent upon making it possible for all citizens among the many constituencies to register and to vote.  Even after the Fifteenth Amendment was passed in 1870, in the Jim Crow South and some other parts of the country, whites only could vote.  We cannot be that kind of country again.  This is not an all-white country today nor has it ever been.  The Voting Rights Act further assured that the Fifteenth Amendment would be enforced.

       These legislators working to curtail the rights of some of these constituencies cannot call themselves patriotic, cannot wave the flag and declare themselves super Americans.  Their attempts to impede the voting rights of their fellow American citizens are anything but good for the country.   They claim to be preventing voter fraud, but that is a smoke screen.  Out of the 197 million votes cast for federal candidates between 2002 and 2005, only 40 voters were indicted for voter fraud, according to a Department of Justice study outlined during a 2006 Congressional hearing. Only 26 of those cases, or about .00000013 percent of the votes cast, resulted in convictions or guilty pleas.  http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/OTUS/voter-fraud-real-rare/story?id=17213376#.UXwih7WR_XQ 

       What about voter fraud even more recently?  What we can go by is the number of times that people have been prosecuted successfully for such crimes. And the number is     ridiculously low. You have a better chance of being hit by lightning than discovering an incident of polling place fraud.  [Read more Q&As in U.S. News Weekly, now available on iPad.]

       It is my fervent hope that the Supreme Court can see its way to the truth about what is really going on and keeps the law that protects us from the machinations of those trying to keep all the electoral power for their own kind.  Remember, what goes around politically comes around.  The GOP would not like it if Democratic Party controlled legislators enacted laws to curtail Republican voter turnout, and I would be just as unhappy about those attempts to disenfranchise anyone.  Our country’s well-being depends on free and fair elections.  Voting should be encouraged.  It should be made more, not less, possible for all eligible to cast a ballot.  Candidates then have to make their cases to all voters and to win on their merit, regardless of party affiliation.  Our country will be the better for it.

Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. All Men Are Created Equal. Words that Are Meant!

On this day, January 21, 2013, I saw an America in which I believe with a whole heart, an America living up to the words penned by our Founding Fathers--that we have been endowed with "unalienable" rights to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" and that all are created "equal." While we may not be all that we have the potential to be yet, we are much closer than I ever thought we'd be in my lifetime,  Having come of age in the Mad Men/Jim Crow eras, seeing an African-American take the presidential oath  of office for his second term is nothing short of astonishing.


America continues to change and to become.  The Founding Fathers were all white males.  They were highly educated property owners, including some who owned slaves.  But they wrote that we are all equal, that we all have the same rights.  Even if they did not mean everything that they said at the time, the people of this country have held the Founding Fathers' feet to the proverbial fire.  Those who already had those rights took them for granted.  Those who had yet to gain them--the poor, the people of color, all women--treasured those words and expected them to be true for them as well.  After all, those words had been written and enshrined.  The words were therefore meant.


On this day, the juxtaposition of the inauguration and the day that yearly honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., the words of the Founding Fathers almost jump from the page.  In August of 1963, I sat in front of a television set in the Alpha Delta Pi basement at the University of Kentucky.  I and those watching with me were sure that King's eloquent words would sway everyone to see that all should be afforded equal rights.  And the view of all those on the mall--white and black, old and young, rich and poor, Jews and Christians and Muslims--standing together singing "We Shall Overcome"......I felt then that maybe we had.  Sadly, the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, AL less  than two weeks after that, a horror which killed four little girls, blasted us dreamers back to reality.  But today, America saw a Black man who had been elected by over 50% of the American people for the second time.  That is the dream Dr. King saw, not the nightmare we still sometimes see when people--even some politicians--use demeaning dehumanizing language to diminish those who are seen,  in any way, as different.


Nonetheless, the words--yes, the words of the Founding Fathers and the words of Dr. King are becoming increasingly real.  Many of the Founding Fathers died of old age and natural causes, but their words survived.  Dr. King's life ended abruptly with an angry bullet, but the haters can't kill and idea or a dream with guns and ammo.

Once wordsmiths like Jefferson and Madison penned the young country's aspirations on paper all those years ago, they lived and continue to live.  Today, President Obama noted that what helps one helps us all, and I was reminded of something else Dr.King said. "We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny.  Whatever effects one directly effects all indirectly."


Today we saw the widow of slain Civil Rights worker, Medgar Evers, give the invocation.  We saw the Tuskegee Airman honored in the parade.  We saw the America that Langston Hughes wrote about in "Let America Be America Again."  "Let America be America again, the land that never has been yet and yet must be."


Today, we moved even closer to the country that we can be, that we must be, to thy country that we were promised,

You Have the Right to Remain Silent. Please, I Beg of You, Donald, Do!

I realize that Donald Trump is a successful man, but it is difficult for me to take him seriously.  First, there is the hair. .Whatever does he see when he looks in the mirror?  He cannot possibly see what the rest of us see.  Maybe that topper he wears keeps sanity from seeping in, because for a man who has made gazillions of dollars, he says some really crazy things.

Regardless of where you stand politically, the birther nonsense the Donald continues to promote is too fringe for the Republicans I count among family and friends.  How much conspiracy would it take for a mother to give birth to a son in Kenya, simultaneously convince a newspaper in Hawaii to print a birth announcement on that very day that her baby was born in Hawaii, and then keep all of this a secret until he decided to run for president four decades plus later?  There are reasons to argue about things President Obama should have done and could have done, but his not having been rom here has nothing to do with that.

 

President Obama finally caved into the birthers over a year ago and did release his long form birth certificate.  No other president has ever been harassed in this manner, and I wish the president had just ignored them.  I didn’t think it would change any of their minds.  Facts are of no concern to those kinds of people. Daniel Patrick Moynihan said it best:  “You are entitled to your own opinion but you are not entitled to your own facts?” But some of the fringe in the GOP now choose to have their own “facts.”  If they were no longer to accept that people who once spoke Spanish settled Florida and California, they would say, “Well that’s your opinion.  We do not believe that.” Remember, one of Romney’s campaign leaders proudly said that they were not going to be bothered with fact checkers.  Reality? No thanks.

In April, Trump tweeted the following: @realDonaldTrump

An 'extremely credible source' has called my office and told me that Barack Obama’s birth certificate is a fraud.

A credible and, as always, unnamed source who either does not exist or who is as crazy as the gullible who buy what he is saying, regardless of facts—

The real birth certificate sows that Obama was born August 4, 1961m in Honolulu’s Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital.

"I know that there is going to be a segment of people for which no matter what we put out, this issue will not be put to rest," Obama said. "But I am speaking for the vast majority of the American people as well as for the press. We do not have time for this kind of silliness. We have better stuff to do. I have got better stuff to do. We have got big problems to solve."

By May 29, 2012, Trump said in a CNBC phone interview that the document was not enough, and that "nothing has changed my mind." In a CNN interview on the same day, the "Celebrity Apprentice" host continued to press the issue, prompting Wolf Blitzer to say Trump was "beginning to sound a little ridiculous."

Trump upped the ante when he began to question President Obama’s academic record.  For the record, Obama graduated Magna Cum Laude from Harvard Law School and earned his Bachelor’s in international studies from Columbia.  He is sure that some document will list the President as a foreign student.  Trump has also implied that the President can’t be that smart. Even if affirmative action played a part in Obama;s acceptance to either of these prestigious schools, the assigning of Magna Cum Laude is only earned by academic achievement.  Obama was President of the Harvard Law Review.  This is an unarguable fact.  You do not have to agree with his politics to accept that.  For some reason, Barack Obama’s academic achievement just sticks in the craw of the Trumps and Limbaughs of this world.  Why is this?  In one breath, they accuse the president of sounding “too professorial.”  In the next, men like John Sununu suggest that Obama is lazy, or, in Sarah Palin’s view, the president “shucks and jives.”  Is this about anything but race?  About Obama’s being the other? One not like us?  I say it is.

Trump’s most recent rant borders on publicly extorting the President of the United States.  He demanded that the president release his college records and passport applications to see if they note his place of birth. 

“Donald Trump criticized President Obama on Thursday for not agreeing to release his college records and passport application in return for a $5-million donation to a charity of the president's choice.

“The real estate magnate and TV personality announced last week that he was extending the offer to the president, and that Mr. Obama had until Wednesday to comply. In the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, he extended the deadline to noon Thursday.

“After the deadline came and went, Mr. Trump posted a video on YouTube calling it a "very, very sad day for the United States of America." He suggested that the president's snub prevented him from giving $5 million to a group such as the Wounded Warrior Project, American Cancer Society or to the families of victims from the embassy attack in Benghazi, Libya.

“’Someday those papers will come out, and people will say, 'You know what? Donald Trump was right,'’ he said in a video.”

___________________________________________________________

Perhaps, Donald, someday people will say, “You know what?  Donald Trump was nuts!”

The President has maintained a sense of humor about all of this kerfuffle about his legitimacy.  When he appeared on The Tonight Show, he joked that he and Donald Trump had had bad blood dating back to their school days in Kenya. "We had constant run-ins on the soccer field," the president said. "He wasn't very good and resented it. When we finally moved to America, I thought it would be over." http://www.washingtontimes.com

Donald Trump, you have a right to remain silent.  Anything you say can be used against you.  If I hadn’t been brought up to be polite, I might just say, “Shut up!  You’re making an ass of yourself!”

War with Iran? Really!

It seems foolhardy to hear politicians rattling sabers at Iran, implying or even saying that they will go to war if Iran attempts to get nuclear weapons. There are definitely dangers inherent in Iran’s procuring nuclear weapons, but going to war with them does not seem to be the only answer.

The United Kingdom and France, our allies, are part of the nuclear club. Pakistan and India are nuclear, and while they frighten one another, we have not threatened to go to war with them. And, while it is not official, we all know that Israel has nuclear capabilities.

We ignored China until they detonated a nuclear bomb in 1964. Prior to that, we had not recognized the entirety of mainland China, calling Taiwan “China” after Mao Tse Tung and the Communists drove Chiang Kai Shek’s Nationalist forces onto that island. I always thought it a bit absurd that we did not “recognize” a land mass of 3696100 square miles (according to Britannica Encyclopedia), but that’s all we did when China went nuclear. We just didn’t officially notice them.

Because the former Soviet Union had actual weapons of mass destruction, we were engaged in a Cold War from the end of World War II to the fall of the Berlin Wall in1989. That Cold War period lasted four decades and countless lives were lost containing Communism. We fought wars in Korea and Vietnam ourselves and financed wars by surrogates across the continent of Africa and Latin America.

And how about North Korea with nuclear weapons? No one has ever accused their leaders of sanity, have they?

I’d just as soon no one had the kind of power to annihilate entire populations, but, as my grandmother always said: If wishes were horses, we’d all take a ride. Like it or not, several countries have nuclear weapons, and, therefore, we have to learn to co-exist with them. We have used diplomacy and sanctions as well as working with other nations to keep those we fear at bay. Iran’s Arab neighbors are keeping very vigilant about Iran’s acquiring nuclear weapons, and so I hope that Israel does not get trigger happy too quickly. I fully understand why Israel is so leery about a nuclear-armed Iran, but I also hope that they do not start a war with Iran and drag us into it.

Let us not forget that we invaded Iraq on the unfounded belief that they had nuclear weapons. Remember President Bush’s speech to the United Nations? “Should Iraq acquire fissile material, it would be able to build a nuclear weapon within a year,” he told the U.N. General Assembly in New York in 2002. In September of that same year, National Security Adviser, Condoleezza Rice said on CNN: “We don’t want the smoking gun to be a mushroom cloud.” As it was, Iraq had no nuclear weapons, but nearly 45,000 Americans died in that war and thousands more were wounded. We’re still in Afghanistan. Do we really want to wade into another war in the Middle East unless there is absolutely no other way?

Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. Isn’t that how it goes? Wars have
unintended consequences. Iran’s new strength is partly a result of our having weakened their arch nemesis: Iraq. For decades, Iran and Iraq kept one another in check by fighting against or preparing to fight against one another. When we invaded Iraq, the U. S. and Iraqis had to concentrate on first squelching insurgents and then rebuilding a government and bombed-out buildings and infrastructure. With their eye off the Iranians, Iran grew stronger and more bombastic. There was no enemy on their border any more. We had seen to that.

Yes, Iran is a problem. But then so is North Korea with nukes and a crazy man at the helm, civil war and unrest in parts of the African continent, a weakening European market, a U. S. Congress who can’t play well with others, crumbling infrastructure in our own country, and so much more. Saber rattling and bellicose talk are of little use. As the old saying goes, talk is cheap. furthermore, loud talk is even less valuable. Dealing with the complex world in which we live requires a multiple pronged approach, not just guns blazing. Our foreign policy has to be more sophisticated than threats of war at every turn. We cannot afford to lose more lives and money to force our ideas on another country. How much of the world can we occupy? How many countries can we control? There are better ways. Instead of politicians standing around talking tough, we need statesmen and women, sitting around a table, thinking, reasoning, and strategizing. Please! More grownups in the room!

Have We Really Overcome?

It’s taken me a while to complete this piece as I wanted to sound rational and not as hyperbolically hysterical as I was initially when I heard and read about the events discussed herein. The Republican debate hosted by Fox News on the Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday exposed shocking behavior and commentary about the lack of racial sensitivity among the candidates as well as the audience. I refer to Fox News commentator Juan Williams asking Newt Gingrich about some of his recent statements referencing race.


Williams asked Gingrich about his having said that blacks have no work ethic and choose to be on food stamps. He asked the former Speaker about the Gingrich janitorial work plan for black children. Specifically, he asked Gingrich,” Can’t you see that this is viewed, at a minimum, as insulting to all Americans but particularly to Black Americans?”

Gingrich shrugged and said, somewhat flippantly, “No, I don’t see that.”


The largely White audience gave him a standing ovation, cheering and whistling as Gingrich went on to underscore his plans for poor Blacks. Juan Williams, in contrast, was booed! Cheers and applause for proud racial insensitivity? Boos for Juan Williams when he asked again if Gingrich’s comments were meant to belittle the poor and racial minorities? Boos. More boos for Williams. Condescension from Newt. I felt that I had been transported back to the pre-Civil Rights Era of my youth and young adulthood.


Gingrich even doubled down and reiterated his “plan” to help poor children in general and black children in particular—who have no work ethic, according to him--and he laid out his plan. He suggested that poor black children work as janitors in their schools. He seemed nonplussed as he ignored long and humanely established Child Labor Laws and asserted that black children grow up without a strong work ethic because they don’t see anyone around them working. (I would urge Mr. Nasty to get up very early one morning, drive to a poor neighborhood, and see all the men and women lined up at the bus stops, waiting to report to work, many of them African-Americans. Or he could watch the night cleaning shifts, for example, who work when he is sleeping.)


The Gingrich plan for impoverished black youths goes something like this: Fire the “union” janitor and let the children clean the school. There, they would develop a work ethic and earn money. “The average salary for a school janitor is $18,000.”* If we use the Gingrich number of 30 children for each janitorial position—“Hire 30 kids for the price of one janitor. They’d be getting money which is a good thing for the poor. Only the elites despise earning money.”—each of those children would net $600 a year and miss getting an education, thereby trapping them into a life of poverty in perpetuity.

School janitors’ jobs are more than sweeping floors and cleaning restrooms. They must know how to use and dispose of dangerous chemicals for stripping floors and cleaning problem areas. They clean up science labs, repair equipment, use heavy machinery for that cleaning and repair, move heavy furniture and equipment, etc. Janitors arrive before the school opens and are there afterward. They have to be certified in several safety and chemical use procedures. These are not jobs suitable for children! For a complete look at requirements and jobs for a school janitor,
consult this website:

http://www.mymajors.com/careers-and-jobs/School-Janitor


Next, note that Gingrich gleefully called President Obama the “Food Stamp President.” He then added that “Black Americans should demand jobs, not food stamps.” First, I agree that more people are on food stamps. That is a fact. But that has a lot to do with a shrinking middle class as well as disasters like fires, floods, and devastating tornados and storms, most recently in Alabama. Food stamps are just one of the safety nets when disaster strikes. If you want facts, look it up. Here is just one site:

http://www.dailyjobsupdate.com/public/food-stamps-charts


As Gingrich continually attempts to don the Regan mantle, it might be interesting to see what Ronald Regan himself said about food stamps. In this one case, Gingrich is somewhat correct. The usually pleasant demeanor of the former president was not in play when, in 1976, he referred to “welfare queens,” saying these women defrauded the government by applying under multiple names for Medicaid, food stamps, and any other free program. That may have been true in a few cases, but certainly not in all cases.


Extrapolating on his comment that President Obama is the Food Stamp President, Gingrich tied Blacks to food stamps as if they were the only people in need of this aid. This belies facts, facts being something with which Gingrich plays pretty fast and loose. One need for increased numbers of people on food stamps is the increased rate of poverty in this country, something that has been occurring for about 10 years plus. Politifact rated the statement about President Obama’s being responsible for the increased number of people receiving food stamps—food stamps being the term still used although food stamps are actually SNAP, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program—as half true. Here is their conclusion, but you can read the entire
decision at http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2012/jan/17


“.…One last point: The number of food stamp beneficiaries had started to head upward under President George W. Bush, partly because of more aggressive efforts to get eligible Americans to apply for benefits, and partly because of changes in the rules that had the effect of broadening
eligibility. The experts we spoke to agreed that both policies began under Bush but were retained by Obama.

“Our ruling

“The number of SNAP beneficiaries is at a record level, and it has risen in most months of the Obama presidency. But Gingrich oversimplifies when he suggests that Obama is the root cause. Much of the reason for the increase was a combination of the economic problems Obama inherited combined with a longstanding upward trend from policy changes. But Obama has supported those policies. On balance, we rate Gingrich’s statement Half True.”



It is impossible for me to overlook the Gingrich comments because I continually hope that race relations in the United States will continue to improve. For decades, I have been teaching young people about the history of race in this country, and what I see and hear from them is so heartening that I become convinced that all is going to be well. I refuse to believe that that is delusional of me, and I continue to believe that the hope lies in this next generation since members of my generation represented on the debate stage seemed not to have evolved very much on the question of racial equality. Much of what Gingrich said about people of color was not just code for the racists in the audience. It was blatant racism. If Gingrich wanted to delve into the issue of food stamps, he could just as easily said that he wanted people—not black people—to demand jobs, not food stamps. His comment was not at all subtle. And yet, not one other candidate on the stage commented that Gingrich was making racist statements or said the GOP should not engage in racial divisive comments. No, they were silent and now Gingrich is
raising money on clips of what he said to Williams at that debate. It should make South Carolinians angry about what Newt Gingrich is saying about them.


To make matters even more clear that we had entered a time warp and fallen back into another era, a white woman in the audience of a Gingrich rally the following day told the former Speaker that she was proud that Gingrich had put Williams “in his place.” I hadn’t heard that kind of openly racist statement in years. Where is the place of a black news commentator in that woman’s estimation? Gingrich just smiled, and the audiencecheered and clapped. Yikes!


This country has made progress since our Constitution counted blacks as 3/5 of a person. Real servitude ended after the Civil War with the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made the economic servitude resultant from Jim Crow laws illegal. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 made it illegal to keep people of color from the ballot box.


After the Supreme Court finally overturned the “separate but equal” decision of Plessey v. Ferguson, our country witnessed a violent reaction in some parts of the country. Who can forget Alabama Governor Wallace’s proclamation of “Segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever”? After the Brown v. Board of Education decision, we’d watched and read about the murder of Emmett Till in Money, Mississippi. We’dseen the beaten and jailed college students attempting to integrate lunch counters. We’d witnessed beatings and murder of some trying to integrate interstate bus transportation. We’d seen the murder of three Civil Rights workers attempting to register blacks to vote. We must remember those church bombings, those lynchings, the fire hoses and police dogs attacking children, the marches and peaceful demonstrations. We have come far since the march across the Pettus Bridge that led President Johnson to underscore the 15th Amendment with the Voting Rights Act. But when I hear things like the utterances of Gingrich and the responses of some in the South Carolina audiences, I wonder just how far we have come after all.

Yes. We Still Need Black History Month.

February is officially Black History Month; some celebrate, many trivialize and others disparage the need. Why do we need a specific time to remember that ordinary and extraordinary African-Americans have been a part of our history since the beginning?


It is evident that a set-aside Black History Month has not taught us much. Even now, a few politicians use suggestions of secession, literacy tests, interposition, and nullification to gin up their crowds.. These are words freighted with historic pain and should not be made carelessly or deliberately
to score points against an adversary. If they knew anything about the history of race in America, they would never make some of the statements they make.

Secession is not taken lightly by those of us who know anything at all about the Civil War, a war that bloodied our soil with the loss of over 600,000 lives. It supposedly taught us that “all men are created equal” means what it says. After the Civil War, Lincoln’s dream that we would not be a house divided supposedly came true. No one should trivialize the price that far too many paid by tossing out threats of secession to score political points, whether the word secession is meant literally or metaphorically.


Texas' former Governor Rick Perrydid--on several occasions--talk of the secession of Texas to the roaring applause and delight of those at his rallies. Did he mean it? It may have been  a veiled reference to score points with some or a metaphor for get-the-government-our-of-Texas for others. Next time Texans say they want to secede, tell them, “Done. You’re out.” Call their bluff. I’m
surethey’ll think twice before scolding the federal government about its role in state affairs. Where would Texas be without it?


It might be good for the U. S. bottom line if we grant Texas secessionists their  wish. As of 2005, the federal government paid Texas $.96 for every tax dollar Texas paid. We could surely make up the four cents without too much trouble. Whatever could we do with the 23 military bases and installations located in Texas? I’ll bet the other 49 states would be happy to divvy up those installations as they would benefit from the 195,000 jobs no longer manned by people paying taxes in Texas. Another coastal state could snatch up the Houston Space Center. Poor Texas, they are so burdened by paying taxes. Please. Texas ranked third in government procurements, receiving well over $20,639,000,000 in 2005 alone. They like to play cowboy so much. Let them shoulder the cost of border patrol and illegal immigration entering the U. S. through Texas. We could build the border fence above Texas instead of below it if they want out so badly.


And now a note to former Representative Tom Tancredo: What exactly did he imply when suggested a need for literacy tests in order to vote? Tancredo’s remarks at the opening address of the Tea Party Convention received thundering approval. Since he is old enough to know better, I have to assume that he knew exactly what he was saying when he said that voters who couldn’t
even say the word vote elected a committed socialist to the office of the presidency. It is reprehensible to suggest we return to the Jim Crow laws that denied many citizens of color the vote. And, the ugliness aside, may I remind Tancredo just who elected Barack Obama? According to www.carnegieendowment.org, Obama won the college-educated voters by 62-38%. I’m pretty sure that means that they could read and say the word “vote.”


What do the words literacy tests invoke to anyone who knows or lived through that history? Literacy tests were a part of the same Jim Crow laws that came after the Hayes-Tilden election of 1876, a compromise that ended Reconstruction. The real servitude the Civil War had been fought to end was replaced with economic and social servitude that endured until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 said, “And we really mean what the 14th Amendment says.” By 1968, with the passage of the Voting Rights Act, the 15th Amendment was once again enforced. Many people, perhaps Tancredo himself, would fail some of those literacy tests. Before one could register to vote, a registrar administered a literacy tests to qualify a potential voter. That consisted of an interpretation of a section of a state’s constitution “to the satisfaction of the registrar.” First, those excerpts from the state constitution are awkwardly worded and full of convoluted legalese. Next, the test was scored by a registrar who probably could not have passed himself. Whites always passed. Blacks never did.


After the beatings of peaceful Civil Rights marchers on Bloody Sunday as they crossed the Pettus Bridge in their march from Selma to Miami, President Johnson was able to pass the Voting Rights Act, saying, “And we shall overcome.” But have we conquered over two centuries of racial hatred? If we have, why then would Tom Tancredo suggest that we should return those Jim Crow days? He and those who cheered as he said it obviously don’t know much about Black History
or history of any hue, for that matter.


And then, just when I thought I couldn’t be any more shocked by veiled or purposeful racism, I heard something that catapulted me once again into the Jim Crow Era. Debra Medina, while running for governor of Texas—what is wrong with these people?--suggested that Texas should use interposition and nullification as much as they could to fight federal interference in her state. This harkens back to George Wallace standing at the door of the University of Alabama to block two black students from entering. He had begun that year by proclaiming, “Segregation now, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever” in his inaugural speech. Who still thinks those were the Good Old Days? If so, grab your hood.


Those who wanted the good old days of the Whites Only policy and segregation now and forever resorted to the claim of States’ Rights, referring to the 10th Amendment. However, the 10th Amendment is quite clear where it stands on the separation of powers between the state and federal government. “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” The Jim
Crow States’ Righters chose to ignore that “the United States” means the federal government or that the amendments after the 10th Amendment created federal law they had to follow, laws that allowed Blacks equal treatment as well as voting rights.

Debra Medina threatened interposition. This doctrine was used by segregationists and was another State’s Rights argument. Interposition, according to www.dictionary.com, notes that states “used this doctrine to say that any individual state of the U. S. could oppose any federal action it believes to encroach on its sovereignty.” The doctrine of nullification was the “refusal of a U. S. state to aid in enforcement of federal laws within its limits, especially on Constitutional grounds.” Both of these doctrines that Debra Medina cited imply that a state can do whatever it wants and federal law be damned. What kind of country would this be if all states could do just that? We resolved that issue after the failure of the Articles of Confederation didn’t we?


Martin Luther King, Jr. in his stirring Dream Speech reminded us of the ugliness of these policies: “….I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification; one day right here in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.” Study your history, Ms. Medina, Mr. Tancredo, and Rick Perry. Please. You may not be a racist, but why do you want to use words so heavily laden with America’s ugly racist past?

When this country elected Barack Obama by a healthy majority, I naively thought we had turned the page on an issue that had divided us since our nation’s very beginnings. Let us not forget that our Founding Fathers chose to compromise on the slavery issue by counting slaves as 3/5 of a person so that the slave-holding states could have more representatives. The Founders tabled the issue of slavery until later. That “later” led us to a horrific Civil War that nearly destroyed us. Even after that, Jim Crow laws maintained our racist past until late in the 20th century. But 53% of our registered voters elected a man or color whose wife’s ancestors were slaves. I want to believe Dr. King’s dream: One day—today, even—we will come to realize that the freedom of all citizens, citizens of every color, is “inextricably bound to our freedom.” We all need to remember the web of mutuality about which he spoke.


It’s not that I disagree with Morgan Freeman who contends that Black History Month trivializes the contribution of African-Americans in our history and undermines the fact that “black history is American history.” I happen to think that he makes a very good point. However, as long as men and women are willing to throw around words like secession, interposition, nullification and suggest a need for literacy tests or carry placards of Barack Obama in white-face or photo-shopped with a bone through his nose, it is clear that we do need Black History Month. Better yet, we all need to know our history, not just what a blogger—including me—writes or what some pundit or politician claims. Please read the Constitution yourself. It’s a very short document. Know your country’s history. We have the potential to be everything our Founding Fathers dreamed we
could and would be, even if they didn’t always practice it themselves. To paraphrase everyone’s mother: We should act as they said we should act, not as they sometimes did.